Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

AP Biology· difficulty 2/5

A genotype tally for 100 individuals shows observed and HW-expected counts.

Genotype Observed Expected (HW) AA 25 16 Aa 30 48 aa 45 36

The deficit of heterozygotes and excess of homozygotes is most consistent with

  • A

    Strong heterozygote advantage

  • B

    Inbreeding (non-random mating)

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  • C

    High mutation rate

  • D

    Random mating

Explanation

Inbreeding causes a systematic excess of homozygotes (both AA and aa) at the expense of heterozygotes (Aa) - exactly the deviation pattern shown. Heterozygote advantage would do the opposite.

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