AP US History · Topic 5.5

Sectional Conflict: Regional Differences Practice

Part of Period 5: 1844–1877.

Practice questions

10

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Sample questions

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  1. Sample 1difficulty 2/5

    "'It's a free country, sir; the man's mine, and I do what I please with him.'... So spoke Mr. Haley... and now, scorning all by-ways, he openly purchased his human chattels in the public market of New Orleans." — Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1852

    Stowe's novel built upon which earlier antebellum reform tradition?

    • A

      The Second Great Awakening's evangelical moral reform impulse

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    • B

      The mercantilist economic philosophy of Henry Clay's American System

    • C

      Federalist support for a strong central government

    • D

      Jacksonian celebration of the common man and Indian removal

    Why

    Stowe, daughter of a prominent evangelical minister, drew on the Second Great Awakening's moral reform energy that fueled abolitionism, temperance, and other antebellum benevolent movements.

  2. Sample 2difficulty 3/5

    "'It's a free country, sir; the man's mine, and I do what I please with him.'... So spoke Mr. Haley... and now, scorning all by-ways, he openly purchased his human chattels in the public market of New Orleans." — Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1852

    Stowe's novel most directly advanced abolitionism by:

    • A

      Humanizing enslaved people and dramatizing the cruelty of the Fugitive Slave Act

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    • B

      Documenting statistical economic data about Southern plantations

    • C

      Calling for a violent slave uprising across the South

    • D

      Endorsing colonization of freed people back to Africa as the only solution

    Why

    Uncle Tom's Cabin reached millions of Northern readers, generating moral outrage by depicting enslaved characters sympathetically and dramatizing the human costs of the Fugitive Slave Act.

  3. Sample 3difficulty 3/5

    "The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers... We owe it therefore to candor to declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety." — President James Monroe, Annual Message, 1823

    36°30' line (1820) United States, c.1823

    The map's dashed line at 36°30' best supports which claim about the Era of Good Feelings?

    • A

      Native nations had been removed east of the Mississippi

    • B

      The federal government had abandoned territorial expansion

    • C

      Tariff disputes had eclipsed slavery as the chief sectional issue

    • D

      Sectional disputes over slavery's expansion persisted beneath surface unity

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    Why

    The 1820 Missouri Compromise line shows that even amid Monroe's nationalism, slavery's expansion remained a fault line. Removal, tariffs, and an end to expansion don't fit the 1823 context.

  4. Sample 4difficulty 3/5

    "The right of interposition... is the fundamental principle of our system... A State, acting in her sovereign capacity, has the right to declare an unconstitutional act of Congress to be null and void within her limits." — John C. Calhoun, South Carolina Exposition and Protest, 1828

    Average Tariff Rates 1816–1846 1816 25% 1824 35% 1828 62% 1832 52% 1842 22%

    The states' rights argument advanced here continued to shape sectional conflict by influencing which later development?

    • A

      Southern justifications for secession in 1860-1861

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    • B

      Northern arguments for personal liberty laws

    • C

      The Free Soil Party's platform of 1848

    • D

      The American Colonization Society's mission

    Why

    Calhoun's doctrine of state sovereignty and nullification provided the constitutional foundation that southern leaders later invoked to justify secession after Lincoln's election.

  5. Sample 5difficulty 3/5

    "'It's a free country, sir; the man's mine, and I do what I please with him.'... So spoke Mr. Haley... and now, scorning all by-ways, he openly purchased his human chattels in the public market of New Orleans." — Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom's Cabin, 1852

    The publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin contributed to sectional tension primarily because it:

    • A

      Led directly to the formation of the Republican Party that same year

    • B

      Prompted Britain to threaten intervention against the South

    • C

      Hardened Northern public opinion against slavery while provoking Southern denunciations

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    • D

      Convinced Congress to repeal the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

    Why

    The novel's emotional power radicalized Northern opinion while Southerners attacked it as slanderous propaganda, deepening the cultural divide that preceded the Republican Party's emergence in 1854.