AP Statistics · Topic 6.3

Justifying a Claim Based on a Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion Practice

Part of Inference for Categorical Data: Proportions.(UNC-4.B)

Practice questions

7

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Sample questions

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  1. Sample 1difficulty 2/5

    A poll reports 52% support a candidate, with margin of error ±3 percentage points (95% confidence).

    0.49 0.52 0.55

    Which is the best interpretation?

    • A

      Exactly 52% support the candidate.

    • B

      We are 95% confident the candidate's true support is between 49% and 55%.

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    • C

      The probability the candidate has 52% support is 0.95.

    • D

      95% of voters support the candidate within 3 percentage points.

    Why

    The CI is point estimate ± ME = 52% ± 3% = (49%, 55%).

  2. Sample 2difficulty 2/5

    A 95% confidence interval for the proportion of adults who exercise daily is (0.32, 0.40).

    0.32 0.40 95% CI

    Which is the correct interpretation of the interval?

    • A

      95% of adults exercise daily between 32% and 40% of the time.

    • B

      We are 95% confident the true proportion of adults who exercise daily is between 0.32 and 0.40.

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    • C

      95% of samples will have proportions between 0.32 and 0.40.

    • D

      There is a 95% probability that the true proportion is between 0.32 and 0.40.

    Why

    Confidence intervals are interpreted as confidence in the procedure capturing the parameter, not probability statements about the fixed parameter.

  3. Sample 3difficulty 3/5

    A 95% CI for p is (0.45, 0.55). Test H₀: p = 0.50 vs Hₐ: p ≠ 0.50.

    0.45 0.50 0.55

    Using α = 0.05, what is the conclusion?

    • A

      Reject H₀ since 0.50 is in the CI.

    • B

      Fail to reject H₀ since 0.50 is in the CI.

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    • C

      Cannot tell without the test statistic.

    • D

      Reject H₀ since the CI doesn't include 0.

    Why

    Since 0.50 lies in the 95% CI, the value is plausible; fail to reject H₀ at α = 0.05.

  4. Sample 4difficulty 3/5

    A 95% CI for the proportion of left-handed students is (0.08, 0.14).

    0.08 0.14

    Which interpretation is INCORRECT?

    • A

      If we repeated the procedure many times, ~95% of intervals would contain p.

    • B

      The probability that p is between 0.08 and 0.14 is 0.95.

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    • C

      We are 95% confident p is between 0.08 and 0.14.

    • D

      The interval is plausible for p at the 95% level.

    Why

    The parameter p is fixed; we cannot assign probability to a single fixed-but-unknown value being in a fixed interval.

  5. Sample 5difficulty 3/5

    A pollster constructs many 95% confidence intervals for various proportions using independent random samples.

    true p

    Which statement best interprets "95% confidence"?

    • A

      95% of the data lies within the interval.

    • B

      There is a 95% chance the parameter falls in any given interval.

    • C

      In repeated sampling, about 95% of such intervals will capture the true proportion.

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    • D

      The procedure produces the correct interval 95% of the time for this single sample.

    Why

    The confidence level describes the long-run capture rate of the procedure, not a probability for a single interval.