"We have been saying 'freedom' for six years. What we are going to start saying now is 'Black Power.' The black people of this country must organize themselves into groups that can speak to the rest of the country. Integration is irrelevant when initiated by blacks because the lunch counter is meaningless to a man who hasn't got the bread to buy a hamburger." — Stokely Carmichael, 1966
Carmichael's "Black Power" speech most directly challenged
- A
The Voting Rights Act enforcement
- B
The Black church's moral authority
- Ccheck_circle
The integrationist consensus of mainstream civil rights leaders
- D
Affirmative action in hiring
Explanation
Carmichael's call rejected King's interracial integrationist framework in favor of Black autonomy and political self-determination.