The African American Civil Rights Movement (1960s)

AP US History· difficulty 2/5

"Their cause must be our cause too. Because it is not just Negroes, but really it is all of us, who must overcome the crippling legacy of bigotry and injustice. And we shall overcome." — Lyndon B. Johnson, "American Promise" Address to Congress, March 15, 1965

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 differed from earlier civil rights laws by:

  • A

    Requiring the integration of professional sports leagues

  • B

    Banning all forms of private discrimination

  • C

    Establishing busing as a federal mandate

  • D

    Authorizing federal examiners to register voters and suspending literacy tests in covered jurisdictions

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Explanation

Unlike the 1957 and 1960 Civil Rights Acts, which produced minimal voter registration gains, the VRA imposed direct federal oversight (Section 5 preclearance, Section 4 coverage formula) and ended literacy tests in covered states.

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