World War II: Mobilization

AP US History· difficulty 3/5

Women in U.S. Workforce, 1940 vs. 1945 Sector Women employed Total (millions) 12 → 18 Manufacturing 2 → 6 Aircraft industry 1% → 65% % married workers 15% → 24%

The data in the table best support which conclusion about WWII's effect on American women?

  • A

    Wartime labor needs drew unprecedented numbers of women, including married women, into industrial jobs once dominated by men.

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  • B

    Women left the workforce during WWII to care for families.

  • C

    Women's employment patterns were unchanged by the war.

  • D

    Most women workers were in agriculture rather than manufacturing.

Explanation

The "Rosie the Riveter" campaign and labor shortages drew over six million additional women into wartime industry. Married women's participation rose sharply, though many were displaced after 1945 as veterans returned.

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