Failure of Compromise

AP US History· difficulty 4/5

"[Negroes] had no rights which the white man was bound to respect." — Chief Justice Roger Taney, Dred Scott v. Sandford, 1857

Dred Scott v. Sandford, 1857 Supreme Court Holdings 1. African Americans (free or enslaved) are not citizens of the United States. 2. Residence in a free territory does not make an enslaved person free. 3. Missouri Compromise unconstitutional; Congress cannot ban slavery in territories. 7-2

Holding 3 in the figure most directly invalidated which earlier political solution to the slavery question?

  • A

    Presidential authority to issue proclamations on slavery

  • B

    Congressional power to restrict slavery in the territories, as in the Missouri Compromise

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  • C

    State power to abolish slavery within their borders

  • D

    Local jury rights in fugitive-slave cases

Explanation

Taney declared that Congress lacked the authority to ban slavery in any federal territory, voiding the Missouri Compromise's restriction and undermining Republican Party platforms.

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