A researcher takes an SRS from a phonebook to estimate population opinion. The phonebook excludes people with unlisted numbers and people without landlines.
The bias most likely introduced is
- A
Nonresponse bias
- B
Voluntary response bias
- Ccheck_circle
Undercoverage bias
- D
Response bias
Explanation
Excluded individuals (unlisted, no landline) cannot be selected at all. The sampling frame omits part of the population - undercoverage.