Text Structure and Purpose

SAT Reading and Writing· difficulty 3/5

Some species exhibit remarkable adaptations to extreme environments. Tardigrades, microscopic animals less than a millimeter long, can survive being frozen, boiled, dehydrated, and even briefly exposed to the vacuum of space — feats that have made them favorites of researchers studying the limits of life.

Which choice best describes the function of the second sentence in the text?

  • A

    It illustrates the general claim with a vivid specific example.

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  • B

    It contradicts the claim about extreme adaptations.

  • C

    It introduces an unrelated topic in physics.

  • D

    It defines the term 'extremophile'.

Explanation

The tardigrade case exemplifies the opening generalization. B captures the illustrative function.

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