Two-Variable Data: Models and Scatterplots

SAT Math· difficulty 4/5

A study reports that towns with more libraries have higher average incomes. Which conclusion is most justified?

  • A

    There is no relationship.

  • B

    Higher income causes more libraries.

  • C

    Building more libraries increases income.

  • D

    There is a positive correlation, but causation is not established.

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Explanation

Correlation does not imply causation. A third factor (e.g., town size or wealth) likely influences both.

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