Deviations from Ideal Gas Behavior

AP Chemistry· difficulty 3/5

Compressibility factor Z = PV/nRT is plotted against pressure for a real gas.

The dip below the ideal line at moderate pressure is best explained by:

A
$Elastic collisions only$
B
$Attractive intermolecular forces dominating$
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C
$High temperature$
D
$Negligible particle volume$

Explanation

At moderate P, attractive IMFs reduce effective pressure, lowering Z = PV/nRT below 1. At very high P, particle volume dominates and Z exceeds 1.

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