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Deviations from Ideal Gas Behavior

AP Chemistry· difficulty 3/5

The van der Waals equation modifies the ideal gas law to account for

  • A

    Real gas attractions (a) and finite molecular volume (b)

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  • B

    Photon emission

  • C

    Quantum effects

  • D

    Heat transfer

Explanation

(P + an²/V²)(V − nb) = nRT. Reduces to PV = nRT when a, b → 0.

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