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VSEPR and Bond Hybridization

AP Chemistry· difficulty 3/5

CO3^2- (carbonate) C O O O

The carbonate ion CO3^2- has what shape and bond order?

  • A

    Linear; bond order 1.5

  • B

    Tetrahedral; bond order 2

  • C

    Trigonal planar; bond order 1.33 (resonance)

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  • D

    Trigonal pyramidal; bond order 1

Explanation

Three resonance structures average to a bond order of 4/3 ≈ 1.33; with three bonded oxygens and no lone pair on C, the geometry is trigonal planar.

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