Regulation of Gene Expression

AP Biology· difficulty 2/5

target mRNA miRNA RISC complex

How does a miRNA loaded into RISC most commonly silence gene expression?

  • A

    It acts as a transcription factor for RNA polymerase III.

  • B

    It binds DNA directly and methylates the gene.

  • C

    It cuts ribosomes apart.

  • D

    It guides RISC to base-pair with target mRNA, leading to translational repression and/or mRNA degradation.

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Explanation

Mature miRNAs guide the RISC to complementary mRNAs. Imperfect pairing typically leads to translational repression; near-perfect pairing causes Argonaute-mediated mRNA cleavage.

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