Cellular Respiration

AP Biology· difficulty 3/5

Chemiosmosis powers ATP synthesis in mitochondria and chloroplasts.

What drives ATP synthesis as protons flow through ATP synthase?

A
$Hydrolysis of glucose at the rotor$
B
$The proton-motive force - energy stored in the H+ electrochemical gradient$
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C
$Direct ATP-binding to oxygen$
D
$Reduction of NAD+ at the F1 head$

Explanation

H+ flows down its electrochemical gradient through ATP synthase. The energy released by this exergonic flow drives the endergonic phosphorylation of ADP.

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