AP US History · Topic 7.4

The Progressives Practice

Part of Period 7: 1890–1945.

Practice questions

40

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Sample questions

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  1. Sample 1difficulty 2/5

    "I was made over. The past was a dim, far-off country which I had left forever. America was beginning, with my new English name. I was born, I have lived, and I have been made over. I am the spirit of the future. I make my bow as a daughter of the Mayflower as proudly as that lady whose family came over in the original boat." — Mary Antin, The Promised Land, 1912

    Antin's memoir best supports which thesis about early-20th-century immigration?

    • A

      Settlement houses opposed naturalization

    • B

      All Russian Jewish immigrants rejected American customs

    • C

      Some immigrants embraced an aspirational assimilationist identity

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    • D

      The federal government enforced uniform Americanization

    Why

    Antin's voice illustrates the celebratory assimilationist narrative; her experience differed from many immigrants who maintained distinct ethnic enclaves.

  2. Sample 2difficulty 2/5

    "It was we, the people, not we, the white male citizens, nor yet we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed this Union. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people — women as well as men. To deny to women the ballot is a violation of the supreme law of the land." — Susan B. Anthony, 1873

    Federal women's suffrage was finally secured by the

    • A

      23rd Amendment (1961)

    • B

      19th Amendment (1920)

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    • C

      21st Amendment (1933)

    • D

      15th Amendment (1870)

    Why

    The 19th Amendment, ratified in 1920, prohibited denial of the vote on the basis of sex.

  3. Sample 3difficulty 2/5

    "The essence of any struggle for healthy liberty has always been, and must always be, to take from some one man or class of men the right to enjoy power, or wealth, or position, or immunity, which has not been earned by service to his or their fellows... The New Nationalism puts the national need before sectional or personal advantage." — Theodore Roosevelt, "New Nationalism" speech, Osawatomie, Kansas, 1910

    Which earlier policy of Roosevelt's most clearly anticipated the ideas expressed in this excerpt?

    • A

      Reconstruction-era Black Codes

    • B

      The Square Deal's regulation of railroads and meatpacking

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    • C

      Andrew Jackson's Indian Removal policy

    • D

      Henry Clay's American System of internal improvements

    Why

    TR's Square Deal (Hepburn Act, Meat Inspection Act, Pure Food and Drug Act) embodied the regulatory ethos of New Nationalism.

  4. Sample 4difficulty 3/5

    "There would come all the way back from Europe old sausage that had been rejected, and that was moldy and white—it would be dosed with borax and glycerine, and dumped into the hoppers, and made over again for home consumption. There would be meat that had tumbled out on the floor, in the dirt and sawdust, where the workers had tramped and spit uncounted billions of consumption germs. There would be meat stored in great piles in rooms; and the water from leaky roofs would drip over it, and thousands of rats would race about on it." — Upton Sinclair, The Jungle (1906)

    Sinclair's primary intent in writing The Jungle was to expose

    • A

      the exploitation of immigrant industrial workers under capitalism

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    • B

      unsanitary practices to provoke meat-inspection legislation

    • C

      corruption among urban political machines in Chicago

    • D

      the dangers of socialist labor organizing in the stockyards

    Why

    Sinclair was a socialist who hoped to win sympathy for workers, famously saying "I aimed at the public's heart, and by accident I hit it in the stomach"—readers focused on meat instead of labor.

  5. Sample 5difficulty 3/5

    The Progressive Era (c. 1890s-1920s) sought to

    • A

      Restore an aristocratic order by limiting voting rights and entrenching elite political control

    • B

      Reintroduce slavery in industrial workplaces by replacing wage labor with bound servitude

    • C

      Eliminate federal and state government authority over economic and social regulation entirely

    • D

      Address problems of industrialization, urbanization, and corruption through government action

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    Why

    Diverse movement: middle-class reformers, women, journalists, politicians.