Which of the following is a random sample of 100 students at a high school?

Answer: 100 students selected by computer from a list of all students Random selection from the full population gives every student an equal chance of being chosen.

A researcher wants to estimate the average study time of all students at a university. Which sampling method gives the most reliable estimate?

Answer: Surveying a random sample from all enrolled students Random sampling from the full population produces an unbiased, generalizable estimate.

A study aims to determine the average screen time of teenagers in the US. Which sample best supports generalization to all US teens?

Answer: 200 teens randomly selected nationwide A nationwide random sample best represents the population of US teens.

SAT Math · Topic 3.7

Evaluating Statistical Claims: Observational Studies and Experiments Practice

Part of Problem-Solving and Data Analysis.

Practice questions

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Sample questions

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Sample 1difficulty 3/5
$Which of the following is a random sample of 100 students at a high school?$
- A
  $The first 100 students entering school$
- B
  $100 students who volunteered$
- C
  $100 students from the basketball team$
- D
  $100 students selected by computer from a list of all students$
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Why
$Random selection from the full population gives every student an equal chance of being chosen.$
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Sample 2difficulty 3/5
$A researcher wants to estimate the average study time of all students at a university. Which sampling method gives the most reliable estimate?$
- A
  $Surveying a random sample from all enrolled students$
  check_circle
- B
  $Surveying only freshmen$
- C
  $Surveying only students at the library$
- D
  $Surveying only students who volunteer$
Why
$Random sampling from the full population produces an unbiased, generalizable estimate.$
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Sample 3difficulty 3/5
$A study aims to determine the average screen time of teenagers in the US. Which sample best supports generalization to all US teens?$
- A
  $1000 teens whose parents consented from one state$
- B
  $100 teens at one suburban high school$
- C
  $500 teens from a popular gaming forum$
- D
  $200 teens randomly selected nationwide$
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Why
$A nationwide random sample best represents the population of US teens.$
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Sample 4difficulty 4/5
$A study selects 500 voters at random from registered voters in California. The conclusion may be generalized to:$
- A
  $All Americans$
- B
  $All US voters$
- C
  $All Californians (registered or not)$
- D
  $All registered voters in California$
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Why
$Generalization is valid only to the sampled population: registered voters in California.$
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Sample 5difficulty 4/5
$A study randomly samples 200 high school seniors from one private school. The findings can be generalized to:$
- A
  $All American teenagers$
- B
  $All high school students nationwide$
- C
  $All seniors at that private school$
  check_circle
- D
  $All US high school seniors$
Why
$Generalization is valid only to the specific population sampled — seniors at that one school.$
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