AP Biology · Topic 2.11

Origins of Cell Compartmentalization Practice

Part of Cell Structure and Function.(ENE-1.K)

Practice questions

3

Want a predicted score for the whole AP BIO exam? Take the 20-question diagnostic and Lumi will plan the rest.

Sample questions

3 of 3 — sign in to practice the rest with adaptive difficulty and mastery tracking.

  1. Sample 1difficulty 3/5

    Evidence supporting the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria includes all of the following <strong>except</strong>

    • A

      Mitochondria have their own circular DNA

    • B

      Mitochondrial ribosomes resemble bacterial ribosomes

    • C

      Mitochondria contain a nucleus

      check_circle
    • D

      Mitochondria have double membranes

    Why

    Mitochondria do not have a nucleus. The other three are classic pieces of evidence for engulfed-bacteria ancestry.

  2. Sample 2difficulty 4/5

    Evidence for the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria includes

    • A

      Synthesis of all their proteins by free cytosolic ribosomes

    • B

      Their absence in all anaerobic eukaryotes

    • C

      Their identical genetic code with the host nucleus

    • D

      Circular DNA, 70S ribosomes, double membrane, and binary-fission replication

      check_circle

    Why

    Margulis's serial endosymbiosis: mitochondria show prokaryote- like features (circular genome, 70S ribosomes, double membrane, fission) — descended from a captured α-proteobacterium.

  3. Sample 3difficulty 4/5

    Mitochondria contain their own circular DNA, divide by binary fission, are surrounded by a double membrane, and have ribosomes more like bacterial than eukaryotic ribosomes. These observations were used to propose the endosymbiotic theory.

    Ancestral host cell engulfs aerobic bacterium Modern eukaryote mitochondrion (double mb)

    Which observation provides the STRONGEST support for the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria?

    • A

      Mitochondria are smaller than the nucleus

    • B

      Mitochondria contain their own circular DNA distinct from nuclear DNA

      check_circle
    • C

      Mitochondria contain proteins encoded by nuclear DNA

    • D

      Mitochondria can be removed by centrifugation

    Why

    Possessing their own circular bacterial-style genome and ribosomes that resemble those of bacteria most directly supports a free-living bacterial ancestry.