Immigration and Migration in the Gilded Age

AP US History· difficulty 3/5

"Give me your tired, your poor, / Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, / The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. / Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, / I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" — Emma Lazarus, "The New Colossus," 1883

U.S. Immigration by Source, 1865 vs. 1895 1865 1895 N/W Europe S/E Europe Asia Other

A nativist contemporary writing in the 1890s would most strongly counter the poem by arguing:

  • A

    New immigrants threatened wages, civic virtue, and Anglo-Saxon institutions

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  • B

    Industrial employers needed unrestricted access to global labor markets

  • C

    Settlement houses had successfully assimilated all new arrivals

  • D

    Birthright citizenship under the Fourteenth Amendment should be expanded

Explanation

Nativists like the Immigration Restriction League argued the new immigration jeopardized American institutions, advocating literacy tests and quotas through groups influencing later restriction laws.

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