"All charges made for any service rendered or to be rendered in the transportation of passengers or property... shall be reasonable and just; and every unjust and unreasonable charge for such service is prohibited and declared to be unlawful." — Interstate Commerce Act, 1887
Which evidence best supports the claim that early ICC enforcement was weak?
- Acheck_circle
Federal courts repeatedly narrowed the commission's rate-setting authority
- B
The ICC quickly nationalized the major trunk lines
- C
Farmers' real shipping costs fell sharply between 1887 and 1893
- D
Railroads voluntarily eliminated rebates after 1887
Explanation
Cases such as Maximum Freight Rate (1897) and Alabama Midland (1897) gutted the ICC's powers until the Hepburn Act of 1906 restored them.