Expanding Democracy

AP US History· difficulty 3/5

"We wish to remain on the land of our fathers. We have a perfect and original right to remain without interruption or molestation. The treaties with us, and laws of the United States made in pursuance of treaties, guaranty our residence and our privileges, and secure us against intruders." — Cherokee Nation Memorial to Congress, 1830

Despite the legal arguments above, which event most directly led to the forced relocation known as the Trail of Tears?

  • A

    Cherokee armed resistance to federal troops

  • B

    Congressional repeal of the Indian Intercourse Act

  • C

    President Jackson's refusal to enforce Worcester v. Georgia

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  • D

    The Supreme Court ruling in Cherokee Nation v. Georgia denying tribal sovereignty entirely

Explanation

Even after Worcester (1832) sided with the Cherokee, Jackson's refusal to enforce it cleared the way for the 1838 removal. Cherokee Nation didn't deny sovereignty entirely; armed resistance and statutory repeal weren't the proximate cause.

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