Early Steps in the Civil Rights Movement (1940s and 1950s)

AP US History· difficulty 3/5

Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

  • A

    Granted Black citizens federal voting rights protections, anticipating the 1965 Voting Rights Act

  • B

    Ruled that 'separate educational facilities are inherently unequal,' overturning Plessy v. Ferguson in schools

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  • C

    Upheld 'separate but equal' as constitutional, reaffirming Plessy v. Ferguson nationwide

  • D

    Concerned federal income tax assessments on segregated private schools in border states

Explanation

Unanimous decision by Chief Justice Earl Warren; sparked massive resistance and the modern Civil Rights Movement.

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