χ² is a sum of contributions, each ≥ 0. So χ² is
- A
Always > 1
- Bcheck_circle
Always ≥ 0
- C
Either sign
- D
Always negative
Explanation
Each (O−E)²/E ≥ 0; their sum cannot be negative.
Carrying Out a Chi-Square Test for Goodness of Fit
AP Statistics· difficulty 3/5
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