Text Structure and Purpose

SAT Reading and Writing· difficulty 3/5

Until recently, scholars treated the medieval Indian Ocean as a backdrop for Asian political history. The work of historian Saira Bhatia has transformed that view by showing that the ocean itself was a primary site of cultural exchange — a hub through which ideas, religious texts, and commodities circulated more rapidly than across many overland routes.

Which choice best describes the function of the second sentence in the text?

  • A

    It restates the prior consensus introduced in the first sentence.

  • B

    It defines the term 'Indian Ocean'.

  • C

    It introduces a different historian's view of European exchange.

  • D

    It introduces an intervention that overturns the prior consensus.

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Explanation

Bhatia's work transforms the prior view from backdrop to hub. B captures this overturning function.

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