In a study by Craik and Tulving, participants were shown a list of words. For each word they answered one of three questions: a question about whether the word was in capital letters (structural), a question about whether it rhymed with another word (phonemic), or a question about whether it fit a sentence (semantic). On a surprise recall test afterward, words processed semantically were remembered far better than those processed at the other two levels.
A student who relates new vocabulary words to personally meaningful experiences is using:
- Acheck_circle
Elaborative rehearsal (a form of deep, semantic processing)
- B
Iconic memory
- C
Maintenance rehearsal
- D
Echoic memory
Explanation
Elaborative rehearsal connects new information to existing meaningful knowledge and produces deep, semantic encoding that yields strong memory. Maintenance rehearsal is shallow repetition.