Cellular Respiration

AP Biology· difficulty 4/5

The proton-motive force has two components. They are:

A
$An H+ concentration (chemical) gradient and an electrical (charge) gradient$
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B
$Light intensity and CO2 concentration$
C
$ATP and ADP concentration gradients$
D
$Heat and pressure differences$

Explanation

The PMF combines a pH gradient (chemical) and a membrane potential (electrical), both of which store energy that drives ATP synthesis.

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