Cellular Energy

AP Biology· difficulty 1/5

The diagram summarizes the cellular ATP/ADP cycle linking energy release to energy storage.

Which process directly powers the conversion of ADP + Pi to ATP shown at the bottom?

A
$Spontaneous bond formation in solution$
B
$Phosphorylation reactions in catabolism (e.g., glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation)$
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C
$Diffusion of water across membranes$
D
$Hydrolysis of glucose$

Explanation

ADP is phosphorylated to ATP using energy from catabolic reactions (substrate-level and oxidative phosphorylation). ATP then hydrolyzes to do cellular work.

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