Population Genetics

AP Biology· difficulty 3/5

A population bottleneck

A
$Slowly reduces population fitness, causing dramatic loss of beneficial alleles$
B
$Rapidly expands geographic range, causing dramatic spread of allele variation$
C
$Drastically reduces population size, causing dramatic loss of allele variation$
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D
$Suddenly increases population size, causing dramatic gain of allele variation$

Explanation

Random survival of a few individuals (e.g., after a disaster) leaves a population with reduced and possibly atypical allele frequencies. Cheetahs are a classic example.

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