Structure of Water and Hydrogen Bonding

AP Biology· difficulty 3/5

Buffers resist pH change because they

A
$Contain only strong acid that neutralizes added bases completely$
B
$Are always saturated solutions of pure neutral salts at standard pH$
C
$Contain a weak acid and its conjugate base, which absorb added H⁺ or OH⁻$
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D
$Decompose at extreme pH, releasing fixed amounts of water$

Explanation

Adding base shifts the equilibrium HA ⇌ A⁻ + H⁺ to release more H⁺; adding acid does the reverse. The conjugate pair stabilizes pH.

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