AP US History · Topic 6.6

The Rise of Industrial Capitalism Practice

Part of Period 6: 1865–1898.

Practice questions

14

Want a predicted score for the whole AP USH exam? Take the 20-question diagnostic and Lumi will plan the rest.

Sample questions

5 of 14 — sign in to practice the rest with adaptive difficulty and mastery tracking.

  1. Sample 1difficulty 2/5

    "This, then, is held to be the duty of the man of Wealth: First, to set an example of modest, unostentatious living, shunning display or extravagance... and after doing so to consider all surplus revenues which come to him simply as trust funds, which he is called upon to administer... to produce the most beneficial results for the community." — Andrew Carnegie, "The Gospel of Wealth," 1889

    Carnegie's argument in this excerpt is best characterized as a defense of which Gilded Age phenomenon?

    • A

      Government redistribution through progressive taxation

    • B

      Labor union ownership of industrial enterprises

    • C

      Concentrated private wealth balanced by voluntary philanthropy

      check_circle
    • D

      Direct democratic control of corporate boards

    Why

    Carnegie defends inequality by tying it to the philanthropic obligation of the rich. He explicitly opposed government taxation as redistribution; his alternative was voluntary giving administered by the wealthy themselves.

  2. Sample 2difficulty 2/5

    "This, then, is held to be the duty of the man of wealth: to set an example of modest, unostentatious living... and, after doing so, to consider all surplus revenues which come to him simply as trust funds, which he is called upon to administer... in the manner which, in his judgment, is best calculated to produce the most beneficial results for the community." — Andrew Carnegie, "Wealth," 1889

    Carnegie's argument best reflects which broader Gilded Age idea?

    • A

      That immigration restriction would protect American living standards

    • B

      That labor unions should manage the philanthropy of corporate magnates

    • C

      That the federal government should redistribute industrial profits to workers

    • D

      That the wealthy had a moral obligation to use their fortunes for public benefit

      check_circle

    Why

    Carnegie's "Gospel of Wealth" framed great fortunes as a public trust, urging the rich to fund libraries, universities, and civic projects rather than pass wealth to heirs.

  3. Sample 3difficulty 3/5

    The "Robber Barons" / "Captains of Industry" included

    • A

      Theodore Roosevelt (politics), Woodrow Wilson (academia), William Taft (judiciary)

    • B

      Frederick Douglass (abolition), Harriet Tubman (Underground Railroad), Sojourner Truth (rights)

    • C

      Andrew Carnegie (steel), John D. Rockefeller (oil), J.P. Morgan (finance), Cornelius Vanderbilt (railroads)

      check_circle
    • D

      Abraham Lincoln (politics), Ulysses S. Grant (military), William Seward (diplomacy)

    Why

    They built massive industrial monopolies; views of them ranged from praise to harsh criticism.

  4. Sample 4difficulty 3/5

    By 1900, the United States had become

    • A

      A closed economy restricting immigration and foreign trade entirely

    • B

      A mostly agrarian society dependent on European manufactured goods

    • C

      The world's leading industrial economy, surpassing Britain

      check_circle
    • D

      An economically stagnant nation lagging behind major European powers

    Why

    Steel, oil, railroads, and electricity transformed the economy and society.

  5. Sample 5difficulty 3/5

    U.S. Workforce Composition, 1900 Industry 30% Services 32% Agriculture 38%

    Which long-term trend best explains the shift visible in this 1900 workforce composition compared with 1870?

    • A

      Mechanization eliminated all manufacturing jobs.

    • B

      The Homestead Act caused a sharp rise in the agricultural share.

    • C

      Civil War destruction permanently reduced southern agriculture below 10%.

    • D

      Industrialization and urbanization drew workers from farms into factories and service jobs.

      check_circle

    Why

    By 1900 industry and services together exceeded agriculture for the first time, reflecting the Gilded Age shift driven by railroads, steel, and urban manufacturing centers like Chicago and Pittsburgh.