AP Statistics · Topic 4.3

Introduction to Probability Practice

Part of Probability, Random Variables, and Probability Distributions.(VAR-4.A)

Practice questions

17

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Sample questions

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  1. Sample 1difficulty 1/5

    A fair coin is flipped twice.

    H T HH HT TH TT

    What is the probability of exactly one head?

    • A

      0.50

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    • B

      0.25

    • C

      1.00

    • D

      0.75

    Why

    Outcomes: HH, HT, TH, TT. Two have exactly 1 head: 2/4 = 0.5.

  2. Sample 2difficulty 1/5

    A probability is always in

    • A

      [0, 100]

    • B

      Any real number

    • C

      [−1, 1]

    • D

      [0, 1]

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    Why

    P(A) ∈ [0, 1].

  3. Sample 3difficulty 1/5

    A fair six-sided die is rolled.

    1 2 3 4 5 6 Outcomes greater than 4 shaded

    What is P(rolling a number greater than 4)?

    • A

      1/6

    • B

      2/3

    • C

      1/3

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    • D

      1/2

    Why

    Favorable: 5, 6 = 2 outcomes. P = 2/6 = 1/3.

  4. Sample 4difficulty 2/5

    Events A and B have P(A) = 0.5, P(B) = 0.4, P(A and B) = 0.2.

    A B A and B

    What is P(A or B)?

    • A

      0.9

    • B

      0.7

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    • C

      0.2

    • D

      1.1

    Why

    P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B) = 0.5 + 0.4 - 0.2 = 0.7.

  5. Sample 5difficulty 2/5

    Two cards drawn WITH replacement from a standard 52-card deck.

    P(both hearts)?

    • A

      1/8

    • B

      1/4

    • C

      13/52

    • D

      1/16

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    Why

    With replacement: (13/52)(13/52) = (1/4)^2 = 1/16.