AP Chemistry · Topic 8.1

Introduction to Acids and Bases Practice

Part of Acids and Bases.(SAP-9.A)

Practice questions

18

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Sample questions

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Sample 1difficulty 1/5
$The pH scale above shows approximate pH values for several common substances.$
$By what factor is the [H+] in vinegar (pH 3) greater than in milk (pH 6.5)?$
- A
  $About 100$
- B
  $About 3000$
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- C
  $About 30$
- D
  $About 3$
Why
$Difference of 3.5 pH units means 10^3.5 ~ 3160 times more [H+] in vinegar than milk.$
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Sample 2difficulty 1/5
$What is true about solution X?$
- A
  $[H+] < [OH-]$
- B
  $[OH-] = 0$
- C
  $[H+] = [OH-]$
- D
  $[H+] > [OH-]$
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Why
$pH < 7 means [H+] > 1e-7 > [OH-]. Acidic.$
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Sample 3difficulty 1/5
$A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a$
- A
  $Electron pair donor$
- B
  $Electron pair acceptor$
- C
  $Proton donor$
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- D
  $Proton acceptor$
Why
$BL acid donates H⁺; BL base accepts H⁺.$
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Sample 4difficulty 2/5
$The conjugate acid of NH₃ is$
- A
  $NH₄⁺$
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- B
  $NH₂⁻$
- C
  $N₂H₄$
- D
  $OH⁻$
Why
$Add H⁺ to NH₃ \to NH₄⁺.$
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Sample 5difficulty 2/5
$The conjugate base of HCN is:$
- A
  $H2O$
- B
  $OH-$
- C
  $CN-$
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- D
  $H3O+$
Why
$The conjugate base of an acid is the species formed after the acid donates H+; HCN -> CN-.$
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