AP Chemistry · Topic 3.2

Properties of Solids Practice

Part of Properties of Substances and Mixtures.(SAP-5.B)

Practice questions

5

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Sample questions

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  1. Sample 1difficulty 2/5

    covalent network (e.g. diamond, SiO2)

    Network covalent solids tend to have:

    • A

      Very high melting points and hardness

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    • B

      Good electrical conductivity

    • C

      Low melting points

    • D

      Volatility

    Why

    Atoms held together by an extended network of covalent bonds (diamond, SiO2) require enormous energy to disrupt, giving high MP and hardness.

  2. Sample 2difficulty 2/5

    ionic lattice cation (+) anion (-)

    A characteristic property of ionic solids like the lattice shown is:

    • A

      Low melting point and soft

    • B

      Volatile at room temperature

    • C

      High melting point and brittle

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    • D

      Conductive as a solid

    Why

    Strong electrostatic attractions in 3D ionic lattices yield high melting points; mismatched layers cause brittleness on shear.

  3. Sample 3difficulty 2/5

    Quartz (SiO₂) is a network covalent solid where Si is covalently bonded to 4 oxygens, and each oxygen bridges two Si. This explains its

    • A

      High melting point and hardness

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    • B

      Conductivity

    • C

      Solubility in water

    • D

      Low melting point

    Why

    Network covalent solids require breaking covalent bonds to melt or fracture → high MP, hardness; insoluble in most solvents.

  4. Sample 4difficulty 3/5

    Which solid type typically has the HIGHEST melting point?

    • A

      Ionic solid

    • B

      Metallic solid

    • C

      Molecular solid (e.g., ice, sucrose)

    • D

      Network covalent solid (e.g., diamond, quartz)

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    Why

    Network covalent solids require breaking strong covalent bonds (3D network) to melt — typically thousands of °C.

  5. Sample 5difficulty 4/5

    The chart compares melting points: NaCl (801°C), SiO2 (1713°C), and CO2 (-78°C). The vertical bar height represents melting point.

    Ionic (NaCl) Network (SiO2) Molecular (CO2) 801°C 1713°C -78°C

    The very low melting point of CO2 (a molecular solid) is best explained by:

    • A

      Lack of nuclei in CO2

    • B

      Weak ionic bonds in CO2

    • C

      Weak C=O double bonds

    • D

      Only weak intermolecular forces (London dispersion) hold CO2 molecules together

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    Why

    Within each CO2 molecule, the C=O bonds are strong, but only weak London dispersion forces hold molecules to one another, so CO2 melts at very low temperature.